Stachyose
Together with related oligosaccharides such as raffinose, Stachyose occurs naturally in numerous vegetables such as green beans, soybeans and other beans and other plants. Stachyose is less sweet than sucrose, at about 22% on a weight basis. It is mainly used as a bulk Sweetener or for its functional oligosaccharide properties. Stachyose is not completely digestible by humans and delivers 1.5 to 2.4 kcal/g.
The Physicochemical Properties of Stachyose
1.Stachyose is white powder in appearance and tastes fresh without peculiar smell,
2.Stachyose sweetness is 22% of sucrose sweetness,
3.It is easily soluble in water with a solubility of 130g(20ºC),it is different from organic solvents such as ether and ethanol,
4.The moisture retention and hygroscopicity are less than sucrose,but higher than high fructose syrup,
5.The osmotic pressure is almost the same with sucrose,
6.The melting point is 101ºC,the crystallization water is lost after vacuum heating to 115ºC,and the melting point of anhydrous stachyose is 167ºC~170ºC,
7.Stachyose has no reducibility.
FUNCTION
1. Bifidobacteria proliferation and intestinal flora balance regulation: Stachyose can be effectively used by bifidobacteria in the human intestine. In the presence of multiple non-digestible sugars at the same time, bifidobacteria preferentially consume stachyose, so it can directly proliferate bifidobacteria in a targeted manner.
2. Relieve constipation and prevent diarrhea: Stachyose is a small molecule water-soluble Dietary Fiber, which is used by bifidobacteria in the large intestine to produce a large number of short-chain fatty acids and enhance the function of the intestinal tract. Also, there are numerous hydroxyl groups in stachyose, which has a strong role in absorbing water in the intestinal tract and has the effect of relieving diarrhea.
3. Protect the liver: Stachyose helps to reduce the absorption of ammonia into the blood through the intestinal canal by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting harmful bacteria, thus avoiding ammonia poisoning, resisting cirrhosis and preventing hepatic encephalopathy.
4. Regulation of immunity: The α-1,6-galactose structure in the molecule of stachyose can participate in biological processes such as immunity, adsorption between pathogens and cells, which makes stachyose have the functions of preventing pathogen infection, neutralizing toxins and immune regulation system. In addition, under the action of bifidobacteria, stachyose can be decomposed to produce multiple immune function factors that improve human immunity, and has the ability to improve human immunity.
5. Promote lead excretion. Stachyose can greatly reduce the stay time of food residues in the intestinal tract, which can excrete the lead that enters the body through food and the complexed lead that enters the intestinal tract through bile; on the other hand, stachyose can greatly reduce the absorption of lead in the intestinal tract by promoting the synthesis of B vitamins.
6. Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism: Taking regularly stachyose can significantly reduce the fasting glucose, triacylglycerol and total cholesterol levels.
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